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Nature Nanotechnology (2025)
Companies are scaling up advanced recycling technologies that could expand capacity, but experts think policies that level the economic playing field are currently the bottleneck.
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Plastics: Materials-specific data. US Environmental Protection Agency (accessed 27 October 2025); https://go.nature.com/448gmxk
Doubling down on double capacity: our second advanced recycling unit is up and running in Baytown! ExxonMobil (26 June 2025); https://go.nature.com/3LCWAnm
The U.S. Plastics Recycling Economy (National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2024).
Kingsport, Tennessee, site. Eastman https://go.nature.com/4nRXQ3y
Accelerating Circular Supply Chains for Plastics: A Landscape of Transformational Technologies that Stop Plastic Waste, Keep Materials in Play and Grow Markets (Closed Loop Partners, 2019).
Law, K. L. et al. Nat. Rev. Mater. 9, 657–667 (2024).
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Michael Torrice
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Correspondence to Michael Torrice.
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Torrice, M. Why plastic recycling stalls. Nat. Nanotechnol. (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-025-02098-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-025-02098-6
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Nature Nanotechnology (Nat. Nanotechnol.)
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